• adduser #username
  • usermod -aG sudo #username
  • sudo su
  • nano #file name
  • sudo ufw allow ssh
  • sudo ufw enable
  • pwd: how current directory (full path to where you are right now).
  • ls: show directory contents (list the names of files).
    • ls -a all files
    • ls -h contents
    • ls -r sub-directory
    • ls -is size
    • ls -alh all folders with detail
  • cd: change directory
    • cd.. move up one directory
    • cd / go to root
    • cd - previous directory
  • mkdir
  • touch: create a new file.
  • rm: remove a file
  • cat: show contents of a file.
  • pwd: show current directory (full path to where you are right now).
  • cp: copy file/folder
  • mv: move file/folder
  • grep: search for a specific phrase in file/lines.
  • find: search files and directories.
  • vi/nano: text editors.
  • history: show last 50 used commands.
  • clear: clear the terminal screen.
  • tar: create & unpack compressed archives.
  • wget: download files from the internet.
  • du: get file size.
  • chmod
  • free -mcg
  • whoami
  • netstat
  • top: memory, cpu, 
  • df -h: disk usage

Nano editor commands
  • Find: Ctrl+W
  • Exit: Ctrl+X
  • Save: Crtl+O
  • Cancel: Ctrl+C


In nano's help texts the Ctrl is represented by a caret (^), so Ctrl + W is shown as ^W, and so on. The Alt key is represented by an M (from "Meta"), so Alt + W is shown as M-W.


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